🎲 Entropy & Statistical Mechanics

Entropy is a measure of disorder in a system. The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy always increases in isolated systems. Watch as particles initially confined to one side spontaneously spread out to fill the entire space - a process that demonstrates why time has a direction.

• Microstates: All possible arrangements of particles
• Macrostates: Observable properties like temperature and pressure
• Boltzmann's Principle: S = k ln(Ω) where Ω is the number of microstates
• Irreversibility: Systems evolve toward states with more microstates

• Start with all particles on one side, then remove the partition
• Watch entropy increase as particles spread out
• Change temprature to see how energy affects diffusion rate
• Observe that particles never spontaneously return to one side
• Toggle velocity vectors to see Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution